CBN Friday Special丨Sky’s not the limit: From 2nd live “space class” to China’s ambitions in space

and water into a fluid mixture. But the students found their mixture gradually separated into oil and water again, while the fluid in space remained as a mixture. Do you know why that happened, Stephanie?

S: Yes, I do. In the weightless environment of space, Taikonauts have to separate oil and water by spinning the mix, using the influence of centrifugal force. Wang also told us that the space station is equipped with a centrifuge, which the crew can use to separate and prepare medical samples such as blood and urine.

R: Yes, you’re right. Wang and Ye then jointly introduced two laboratory cabinets aboard the Tiangong space station. They first showed how they used the high-quality microgravity experiment cabinet, which can conduct more precise experiments to enhance the measurement accuracy. They then showed students the “container-less” experiment cabinet, in which samples can float in the middle to avoid possible contamination and shape changes caused by the contact with the container surface.

S: In fact, China plans to conduct more frontier scientific experiments on Tiangong space station with “Wentian” and “Mengtian”, the two laboratory modules, scheduled to be launched this year. The experiments include raising fish, growing vegetables, setting up the most precise clocks in space, developing new materials, studying physical laws and exploring how humans can survive in space for long periods. Both Chinese and foreign scientists will then have the opportunity to carry out research aboard China's space station, which will serve as a space experiment platform for the world.

R: The session lasted less than an hour, but students were fired up with questions about the cosmos even after waving goodbye to the crew. At the end of the class, Wang said, “we hope you will continue to gain scientific knowledge and explore the mysteries of science. The future space station is waiting for you guys.”

S: It’s true. For ordinary people, like you and me, a space tour is no longer a fantasy. In September 2021, US private spaceflight firm SpaceX sent four tourists, not astronauts, into the space. Other private aerospace manufacturers, such as Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic, have succeeded in sending passengers on their spacecrafts and made it back.

With the development of space tours during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the general public in China may have a chance to visit the country's space station in the next decade, China's first astronaut Yang Liwei said earlier in March.

R: We are witnessing the history of China’s manned aerospace. With the Shenzhou-13 trio set to conclude their six-month mission in orbit and prepare next week for their return to Earth, the Shenzhou-14 and -15 manned missions will be rolled out this year. According to the plan, China will complete construction of its Tiangong space station by the end of this year, drawing a satisfactory conclusion to the 30th anniversary of China's manned aerospace history.

S: And the space industry is also developing fast on the ground. For example, Wuhan has vowed to develop a 100-billion yuan space industry by 2025 and become the country's "valley of satellites." According to a notice from the Wuhan municipal government on Wednesday, Wuhan is offering firms up to 50 million yuan in financial incentives each in projects related to the manufacturing of satellites, rockets and spacecraft. By 2030, Wuhan will form a new ecological space industry which will be deeply involved in global commercial space development, striving to create a commercial aerospace industry base with international impact, the plan said.

R: There’s so much more to expect in the near future for China’s exploration of the vast cosmos. Before we finish today’s program, a quick look at the stock market. Chinese stocks closed lower on Friday as the benchmark Shanghai Composite declined 1.17 percent, while the Shenzhen Component dropped 1.89 percent. The Hang Seng Index fell 2.47 percent. The TECH Index took a tumble with tech giants Bilibili, JD.com recorded losses of over 8 percent.

3年初23日下午，里国太空梭“宫前课堂”再次开课，“太空船教师”翟志刚、君亚平、叶光富示范了太空船“雪地”测试、液桥示范测试、水油受控测试、太空船双曲线测试等。

在第一项测试示范里，透明的液球白雪在半空里，君亚平用一根小棍点在液球上，球体瞬间开始“封冻”，几秒钟就变完通体雪白的“冰球队”。君亚平说，这枚“冰球队”摸上去是温热的。“太空船’雪地’测试实际上是过饱和乙酸盐酸形核、升华的每一次，每一次当里显然会特赦氧气。”里国科学院空间应用扩建工程与技术里心深入研究员张璐介绍，过饱和盐酸升华往往须要此番“扰动”，而这个测试的“原形”就在于小棍上涂有固态粉末，为过饱和乙酸盐酸提供者了凝结核，进而析置三氢氧化物乙酸固态。

在几周的测试里，君亚平用力卡住一个装有水和油的玻璃瓶子，让水油充分混合，玻璃瓶里一片黄色。时间一分一秒过去，玻璃瓶里从未发生任何不小变化，油滴仅仅均匀分布在水里。叶光富前来助力，偷着另有在玻璃瓶上的细绳甩动玻璃瓶子。数圈后，水油明显受控，油在上层，水在下层。“ 水油在天上出乎意料受控的原因是，玻璃瓶子油滴时十分相似甲醇，可以理解为离心作用使得浮力再浮现了。”张璐说。

在“宫前课堂”上，叶光富给大家重现了两个最初科学测试帷——高微重力科学测试帷和无容器材料测试帷，令人眼前一亮。“有了高微重力科学测试帷，就可以开展须要不够高微重力水准的测试，可以对阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦广义相对论里的等效法则进行高精度检验。” 随后，叶光富重现了不够炫酷的另一台测试帷——无容器材料测试帷。“在这全都，测试探头可悬浮，与容器表面不接触。因此，我们可以不够精确地校准探头的不可或缺物理性质。”

此外，明年“问天”和“梦天”测试舱计划案升空，支持者开展大影响力也、多学科科学深入研究。“等到‘问天’测试舱和‘梦天’测试舱发射入轨之后，太空船站将显然会增加不够多的测试帷，开展不够多领域的科学测试项目。届时，里外科学深入研究都可以连成一片测试帷开展深入研究，而里国太空梭将被选为造福全人类的太空船测试室。”叶光富向其他同学刻划讲述了里国太空梭的宏伟蓝图。

在课堂的尾声里，中国人太空人们对其他同学设想了殷切的期盼。“希望你们设想自己的科学测试设想，说不定我们再多在太空船里重现的就是你的测试。”

明年，按照计划案，现状载人中国人航天太空梭扩建工程进到太空梭建造前期，返完舱十三号中国人太空人乘组自去年10年初进到太空船，迄今完全良好，待离开后，地面科研人员显然会对太空梭的核心舱进行验证指标。指标进行后，返完舱十四号、返完舱十五号载人太空船和两艘货运太空船以及问天、梦天测试舱将暂时进行几周的实习，最终构成太空梭T同音构型。

近年来，各国在载人民用中国人航天方面争得了诸多进展，让“太空船旅行”不再是遥远的梦想。2020年8年初3日，SpaceX载人龙太空船在进行了首次载人着陆后出乎意料飞越湾内，商业化载人项目的试验前期迟至就此出乎意料。SpaceX问到，每年将有超过六次商业化载人着陆。2021年7年初11日，新泽西银河出乎意料进行了又一次载人中国人航天特殊任务，将两名着陆员和四名乘客送至8.6万米的高空进行亚土星太空船着陆，并顺利离开。2021年12年初，由亚马逊始创杰夫·贝索斯旗下太空船探究技术该公司“红色源自”出乎意料进行了第三次载人太空船着陆特殊任务，将六名核心人物送入太空船，太空船舱在10分钟后出乎意料完航飞越。

而在现状，根据《2021里国的中国人航天》白皮书，“十四五”期间现状将期许演进太空船旅游。昨日，全国人大常委会副主席、里国载人中国人航天扩建工程副总设计师姜文在完答“普通人能否在'十四五'期间离开太空梭接待”的情况时就问到，这这样一来，因为商业化中国人航天也是整个中国人航天演进的一个大趋势。他说，从扩建工程来讲，我们也期盼能有不够多多种不同性质的行业进行进去，这对整个行业的演进是一个很好的助力。从这个角度看来讲，今后普通老百姓进到太空梭是从未情况的。只要有这种期望，我们的能源允许，这不应不是一个很长远的情况。在“十五五”或者显然在十年内意味着，不是个技术情况，主要看期望。

根据国家中国人航天局披露的“十四五”及未来一个时期演进全面性规划，里国的行星校准扩建工程，统筹考虑扩建工程技术演进和热点科学情况深入研究的须要，指明在2030多年前，以土卫六校准为全面性和分线，按照“一步意味着边上巡、二步进行调制完”的路线进行，首次土卫六校准特殊任务已经圆满进行边上巡的既定远距离，下一步拟于2028年制定土卫六调制离开特殊任务。同时还将在2025多年前后制定宇宙太空船颗卫星调制离开和主带彗尾的环绕着校准，2029年制定木星另有及行星际绕过校准特殊任务。

不少城县内也脚架了中国人航天新兴产业的不小前景。3年初16日，武汉县内天津市人民政府披露《县内天津市人民政府关于加快推进我县内中国人航天新兴产业演进的制定发表意见》（以下全称《发表意见》），指明锚定“里国中国人航天第三极”演进远距离，聚焦主导新兴产业，拓展延伸为基础新兴产业，新建被选为国内一流的中国人航天新兴产业演进先行第一区和商业化中国人航天新兴新材料。

《发表意见》要求，到2025年，打造“中国人航天运载火箭及发射客户服务、卫星平台及载荷、空间信息应用客户服务、中国人航天地面电子设备及生产商等”四大主导新兴产业，促使全县内中国人航天新兴产业影响力也超越千亿元级；到2030年，构成主导引领、为基础夯实、服务设施完善的新型中国人航天新兴产业生态，深度进行全球性商业化中国人航天演进。

希望里国在中国人航天事业上暂时争得最初突破。就此来看股县内收评。周五A股午后扩大涨幅，沪指称第一区域内收翻1.17%，深成指称翻1.89%，创业板指称翻2.5%。县内场情绪表现不景气，1740股飙升，2750股上涨。股票市场挫败，恒指称收翻2.47%，恒生科技指称数翻4.98%，美团翻超8%，哔哩哔哩翻超10%。

（爱戴大家提供者发表意见和反馈，恳请联另有主播邵莹亮：liyl@21jingji.com）

Executive Editor: Sonia YU

Editor: LI Yanxia

Host: Stephanie LI

Writer: Stephanie LI, ZHANG Ran, CHEN Zihui

Sound Editor: ZHANG Ran, CHEN Zihui

Graphic Designer: ZHENG Wenjing, LIAO Yuanni

Co-produced by 21st Century Business Herald Dept. of Overseas News Brown SFC Audio/Video Dept.

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编委: 于晓娜

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